How strain wave, cycloidal (RV) and planetary reducers work, how to compute their ratios, and how to choose per joint by backlash, shock …
How rotary (motor + reducer) and linear (motor + roller screw) humanoid actuators work, how to compute their torque and force, and how …
Tesla Optimus from the 2021 announcement through the 2022 prototype, Gen 2, the 22-DoF hand and production plans — what has been publicly …
Why humanoid BOM estimates differ so widely, what published figures measure, and how to estimate a BOM from joint counts. Cost structure …